Knowledge

The patterns of these carpets come in two to five colors. They are usually made of cut wool, but they can also be made into a combination of cut wool and uncut wool.

Figure 13.14 shows how one thread after another is woven into the fabric and then pulled out. One set of pile yarns (frame) is lifted to form each transverse row in the pile, while the other three yarns "die" in the backing.

Figure 13.15 shows the construction of a Wilton carpet with five frames and three shots. Each of the five colors in the pile is a frame, and the number of weft yarns associated with each pile ring (before cutting) determines the lens of the carpet (3 in this case). The carpet also has two filled warp yarns. Please note that there is a large amount of yarn in the backing. This is called "dead yarn" because it makes no significant contribution to the performance of pile, but it will increase the production cost.

Figure 13.14  Wilton mechanism (4-frame loom). Source: Wood, 2006.

Figure 13.15  Wilton weave structure (5 frame, 3 shot).  Source:  Wools of New Zealand.

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