Knowledge

1. Abrasion resistance: The ability of carpet pile fibres to resist dulling or wear through the abrasive action of foot traffic.

2. Antimicrobial carpet: Carpet chemically treated to reduce the growth of bacteria, fungi, mould and mildew.

3. Antistatic: The ability of a carpet to dissipate an electric charge before it reaches the threshold of human sensitivity.

4. Appearance retention: The ability of a carpet to keep its original appearance (texture, colour) in use.

5. Axminster: A method of making a carpet where individual tufts are inserted during weaving in a pre-arranged colour sequence. The four types of Axminster weaving are spool, gripper, spool gripper, chenille.

6. Backcoating: A carpet finishing process which involves the application of a secondary backing, foam backing or a thin coating of latex, depending on the type of carpet or rug.

7. Backing: Materials (fabrics or yarns) comprising the back of a carpet as opposed to the carpet pile or face. This includes the primary backing, secondary backing and backing formed in making a woven carpet.

8. Beam: A large cylinder onto which carpet yarns are wound prior to feeding into a carpet loom or tufting machine.

9. Beck (or winch) dyeing: Dyeing of tufted greige (undyed white) carpet as a continuous loop in a large vat of dye liquor.

10. Berber: A type of wool carpet made from thick yarns in natural colours (ie, undyed) containing colour effect material (neps, flecks or flames)

11. Blend: A mixture of two or more fibres (or wool types)

12. Broadloom: A term for carpets produced in widths exceeding 2 metres (6 feet)

13. Chemical setting: Stabilising the twist in a wool yarn by immersion in a hot solution of sodium metabisulphite

14. Colourfastness: The ability of the pile fibres to resist fading and discolouration by the action of light, wet cleaning or other agents

15. Continuous dyeing: Dyeing of carpet (greige) while it travels continuously through machinery and dye flows evenly onto its surface yarn

16. Continuous filament: An unbroken strand of synthetic fibre such as nylon – formed by extrusion of a molten polymer through spinneret holes

17. Creel: The rack or frame next to a tufting machine which holds the cones of pile yarn that feed into the needles of the machine and enables the cones to unwind smoothly without tangling

18. Creeling: The operation of place yarn packages on a creel

19. Cropping (or shearing): A finishing process that trims the surface fibres of a carpet pile to produce a smooth even surface

20. Cushion (or underlay): Material placed under a carpet (or attached to it) to provide softness and adequate support when walked upon

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