If wool yarn is to be made into a cut pile carpet, the twist in the yarn must be stabilized. An acceptable level of twist is essential for carpet texture clarity and good texture retention. Wool shaping involves rearranging disulfide bonds in stretched, bent or twisted fibers to reduce stress levels. Good yarn setting can be achieved in a variety of ways:
a) Chemical setting, immersing the yarn in sodium pyrosulfite solution,
b) Boil the yarn (manually) in a dye container,
c) Steam (superba system) is set in autoclave, batch or continuous production line
Another way to stabilize the twist of wool carpet yarn and produce the desired pile texture in the cut pile structure is to add low melting point synthetic fibers, such as polyester, to the mixture. Fusion bonded fibers are usually added to the blended yarn in an amount of about 10%. When heated, they will adhere to each other and form a lattice structure in the yarn.
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